Avalanche Photodiode

An avalanche photodiode is a highly sensitive electronic device that detects light by converting it into an electrical signal. When light photons hit the diode, they generate electrons. Under a strong electric field, these electrons gain enough energy to knock loose additional electrons from atoms, creating an "avalanche" effect. This process amplifies the original signal, allowing the device to detect very weak light signals with high accuracy. Avalanche photodiodes are used in applications like fiber-optic communications, medical imaging, and LIDAR systems due to their ability to provide sensitive and fast light detection.