Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) protocols

Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) protocols are methods used in data communication to ensure error-free transmission. When one device sends data to another, ARQ systems check if the data was received correctly, often by sending acknowledgments. If an error is detected or an acknowledgment isn't received within a certain time, the sender retransmits the data. This process helps maintain accuracy and integrity of information exchanged over networks, especially in noisy environments. ARQ protocols are fundamental for reliable data transfer in internet communication, wireless networks, and other digital systems.