Atomic magnetometry

Atomic magnetometry is a technique that measures magnetic fields very precisely by using the properties of atoms. When atoms like cesium or rubidium are exposed to a magnetic field, their electrons respond in a way that changes how they absorb or emit light. By shining laser light on these atoms and detecting these changes, scientists can determine the strength and direction of magnetic fields with high sensitivity, even detecting tiny variations. This technology is used in scientific research, medical imaging, and navigation, offering a non-invasive way to measure magnetic fields without bulky or expensive equipment.