atomic interactions

Atomic interactions are the forces that occur between atoms, dictating how they connect and behave. These interactions include electrostatic forces—attractions and repulsions caused by charged particles—and quantum effects like sharing electrons in chemical bonds. For example, in water, hydrogen and oxygen atoms form electric attractions that hold the molecules together. These forces determine the structure, properties, and reactions of materials. Understanding atomic interactions helps us explain everything from why objects stick together to how medicines work at the molecular level.