atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD)

Atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) is a type of plasma—an ionized state of matter—that occurs at normal air pressure, without needing a vacuum. It is generated by applying a voltage between two electrodes, creating a glowing, stable plasma. This plasma produces various reactive species, making APGD useful for sterilization, surface treatment, and environmental cleanup. Unlike low-pressure plasmas used in labs, APGD operates in atmospheric conditions, making it practical for real-world applications. It’s characterized by a steady, luminous glow that indicates a controlled, energetic chemical environment at normal atmospheric pressure.