atmosphere evolution

Earth's atmosphere has changed significantly over billions of years. Initially, it was mainly hydrogen and helium, which escaped into space. Volcanic activity released gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor, forming a thicker atmosphere. As plants and bacteria evolved, they produced oxygen through photosynthesis, gradually transforming the atmosphere into the oxygen-rich one we have today. This process, called atmospheric evolution, involved interactions between Earth's surface, life, and solar energy, shaping a stable environment essential for modern ecosystems.