Athens (Ancient Greece)

Athens, in ancient Greece, was a powerful city-state known for its significant contributions to art, philosophy, and democracy. Founded around the 3rd millennium BCE, it became a center for learning and culture during the 5th century BCE, particularly in the "Golden Age" under leaders like Pericles. Citizens participated directly in decision-making, shaping the foundations of democratic governance. Notable figures such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emerged from Athens, influencing Western thought. The city is also famous for its architectural achievements, including the Parthenon, and played a crucial role in the Greco-Persian Wars.