Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR)

Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) is a crucial protein involved in the cell’s response to DNA damage, particularly when the DNA strand is lost or broken during cell division. ATR detects these problems and activates repair processes to maintain genetic stability. If ATR malfunctions, cells can't properly fix DNA damage, leading to increased mutations, cell death, or cancer risk. Its proper functioning is vital for protecting cells from genetic errors and ensuring healthy cell division, especially in tissues like the brain and immune system.