astronomy in the ancient Near East

Ancient Near Eastern astronomy involved observing celestial bodies like stars, planets, and the Moon to understand their movements and patterns. Civilizations such as the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians used these observations for practical purposes like calendar development, agriculture, and religious rituals. They tracked planetary cycles to predict celestial events, created star charts, and developed early models to explain the cosmos. Their work laid foundational knowledge for later astronomy, showcasing a sophisticated blend of observation, mathematics, and mythology that reflected their deep connection between the heavens and their daily lives.