Astacus astacus (European crayfish)

Astacus astacus, commonly known as the European crayfish or noble crayfish, is a freshwater crustacean native to European rivers and lakes. It has a robust body, large claws, and a hard shell that protects it from predators. As an omnivorous scavenger, it feeds on plants, insects, and small aquatic animals. Crayfish play a vital role in aquatic ecosystems by helping clean the environment and recycling nutrients. Overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution have reduced their populations, leading to their protected status in many areas. They are also valued for their culinary use in traditional European cuisine.