assessment theory

Assessment theory involves understanding how we measure and evaluate knowledge, skills, or qualities. It explores the purpose of assessment—such as informing learning, guiding decisions, or improving programs—and the best methods to ensure accurate and fair results. Effective assessment considers validity (whether it measures what it’s supposed to), reliability (consistency over time), and fairness. It also emphasizes aligning assessment tools with goals and understanding how results can support development rather than just ranking or sorting individuals. Overall, assessment theory aims to create meaningful, trustworthy evaluations that support growth and informed decision-making.