Ashfall forecasting

Ashfall forecasting predicts when and where volcanic ash from an eruption will settle on the ground. Scientists analyze volcanic activity, wind patterns, and eruption size to estimate ash dispersion. This helps communities and authorities prepare for air quality impacts, transportation disruptions, and health risks. The forecasts are typically provided hours to days before ash falls, enabling timely warnings and safety measures. Accurate ashfall predictions depend on understanding the eruption dynamics and atmospheric conditions, making them essential for reducing hazards and protecting public safety during volcanic events.