Artsakh (de facto republic)

Artsakh, also known as Nagorno-Karabakh, is a region in the South Caucasus with a majority ethnic Armenian population. Although internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, it has operated as a de facto independent republic since a war in the late 20th century, with its own government and institutions. The area’s status is disputed, leading to ongoing conflict and instability. Most countries do not recognize Artsakh as an independent state, but Armenians in the region see it as their homeland. Its complex history involves ethnic, political, and territorial tensions between Armenia and Azerbaijan.