Article IX (of the Japanese Constitution)

Article IX of Japan’s Constitution renounces war and prohibits Japan from maintaining military forces for aggression. It states Japan will not keep land, sea, or air forces, or any military power for warfare. Instead, Japan relies on self-defense forces only for protecting its security. The article reflects Japan’s commitment to pacifism and peaceful dispute resolution, emphasizing that war will not be used to settle international issues. It is a foundational element shaping Japan’s post-World War II approach to military policy and international relations.