Article 20 of the ICCPR

Article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) states that everyone has the right to freedom of expression, including the freedom to hold opinions without interference. However, this right can be limited if necessary to protect other rights or interests, such as safeguarding public order, national security, or the rights of others. It also prohibits the advocacy of hatred that could incite discrimination, hostility, or violence against individuals or groups based on race, religion, nationality, or other status. In essence, it balances the liberty to express ideas with responsibilities to prevent harm.