Article 102 (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union)

Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union prohibits any company or entity dominating a market in a way that harms competition. Specifically, it addresses with practices like abusing a dominant position—such as unfair pricing, limiting production, or refusing access—if these actions hinder other businesses and reduce choices for consumers. The goal is to maintain a fair, competitive economy within the EU, ensuring companies operate on a level playing field, and preventing any single firm from unfairly controlling the market.