Art Gallery Algorithm

The Art Gallery Algorithm is a method used in computational geometry to determine the minimum number of guards needed to cover an art gallery, represented as a polygon. Imagine a gallery with walls forming various shapes; the goal is to ensure every part of the gallery is visible to at least one guard. The algorithm shows that, on average, you need just about half the number of corners (or vertices) of the gallery to achieve complete coverage. This concept applies beyond galleries to fields like robotics, computer graphics, and surveillance, helping optimize visibility and resource allocation in complex spaces.