Array Broadcasting

Array broadcasting is a process used in computing that allows for efficient operations between arrays (or datasets) of different shapes and sizes. It works by automatically expanding the smaller array across the larger one, so they can be combined element-wise without explicitly resizing the data. Think of it like matching patterns: if one array is a single value or smaller, broadcasting replicates it across the larger array for operations like addition or multiplication. This simplifies code and improves performance by avoiding manual duplication of data. It’s commonly used in mathematical and data manipulation tasks within libraries like NumPy.