Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM)

The Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism is a way physicists analyze Einstein's theory of gravity, general relativity, by breaking spacetime into separate space and time parts. This approach allows them to describe how the geometry of space evolves over time, making it easier to study complex systems like black holes or the universe's expansion. Think of it as dividing a 4D fabric into 3D snapshots, then understanding how each snapshot changes, much like analyzing frames in a movie to understand the overall story of spacetime dynamics.