Aristotelian biology

Aristotelian biology is the study of living things based on Aristotle’s ideas, focusing on their purpose and natural characteristics. Aristotle believed that animals and plants have specific "essences" and "telos" (ends or goals), which explain their behavior and structure. For instance, he thought each species is designed to fulfill a particular role in nature. He classified organisms into groups based on similarities and observed how they grow, reproduce, and adapt. While some of his ideas are outdated, his work laid the foundation for systematic study of biology and influenced scientific thinking for centuries.