archaea in biogeochemical cycles

Archaea are microorganisms similar to bacteria that play essential roles in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, which are processes that transfer elements like carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur through the environment. They help break down organic matter and convert nutrients into forms usable by other organisms. For example, some archaea fix nitrogen from the air, making it available for plants, while others produce methane in wetlands and the ocean. Their unique metabolic abilities enable them to thrive in extreme environments and contribute to maintaining the balance of vital elements, supporting ecosystem health and the planet’s overall functioning.