Arab history

Arab history spans over a millennium, beginning with the rise of early Islamic civilization in the 7th century, which unified vast territories across the Middle East and North Africa. The Arab world experienced a golden age between the 8th and 13th centuries, marked by advances in science, medicine, literature, and architecture. It was shaped by powerful empires like the Umayyads, Abbasids, and later, Ottoman Turks. Over centuries, colonialism and modern nation-states emerged. Today, Arab countries are diverse, with rich cultural traditions, complex politics, and ongoing efforts towards development and regional influence.