Antonio Egas Moniz

Antonio Egas Moniz was a Portuguese neurologist and psychiatrist who developed a groundbreaking surgical procedure called lobotomy in the 1930s. This technique involved drilling into the brain's frontal lobes to treat severe mental illnesses like depression and schizophrenia. Moniz believed that altering brain circuits could help reduce symptoms, and his work earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949. Although the procedure was controversial and later fell out of favor due to ethical concerns and side effects, his contributions significantly influenced neuroscience and psychiatric treatments.