Anti-TSH Receptor Antibodies

Anti-TSH receptor antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that mistakenly target the thyroid gland's TSH receptors. These antibodies can either stimulate or block these receptors, affecting thyroid function. Stimulating antibodies, common in Graves' disease, cause the thyroid to produce too much hormone, leading to symptoms like weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. Blocking antibodies can suppress hormone production, resulting in hypothyroidism, with symptoms such as fatigue and weight gain. Testing for these antibodies helps doctors diagnose and differentiate thyroid disorders, guiding appropriate treatment approaches.