anti-reductionism

Anti-reductionism is the view that complex systems or phenomena cannot be fully explained by their individual parts alone. While reductionism seeks to understand something by breaking it down into simpler components, anti-reductionism argues that the whole has qualities and behaviors that arise from, but are not solely determined by, those parts. In other words, understanding the parts doesn't necessarily mean understanding the entire system. This perspective emphasizes the importance of studying systems at different levels of organization, recognizing that each level can have unique properties that require their own explanations.