Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD)

Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) refers to military strategies and technologies designed to prevent or limit an opponent’s ability to enter or operate within a specific geographic area. Countries implement A2/AD to protect strategic regions by deploying advanced weapons, surveillance, and barriers that make it difficult for adversaries to project power or conduct operations. It aims to deter or delay potential attacks by denying access and restricting movement, thereby maintaining regional security and stability. A2/AD is often associated with sophisticated missile systems, naval assets, and cyber capabilities that create a layered defense bubble around critical areas.