Ancient Roman Agriculture

Ancient Roman agriculture was the backbone of their economy and society. Romans primarily cultivated wheat, olives, and grapes, which were vital for food, oil, and wine. They used advanced techniques such as crop rotation, fertilizers, and irrigation systems to enhance productivity. Large estates, called "latifundia," often relied on slave labor. Agriculture varied across regions, with fertile lands like the Italian peninsula being the most productive. The Roman approach to agriculture supported their population and military, and their practices influenced farming in later societies. Ultimately, agriculture shaped Roman culture, wealth, and power throughout their empire.