Ancient Mediterranean Religions

Ancient Mediterranean religions were diverse spiritual systems practiced by civilizations such as the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Phoenicians. They involved polytheism—worship of many gods and goddesses—each associated with natural elements or social roles. Rituals, sacrifices, and temples were central to religious life. These beliefs explained the world, guided morality, and influenced politics. Over time, some traditions merged or evolved, shaping later religions. Their stories, symbols, and practices provide insight into how early societies understood life, nature, and the divine. These religions laid foundational ideas for Western spiritual and cultural development.