Ancient Maritime Navigation

Ancient maritime navigation involved using natural clues and basic tools to guide ships across oceans. Sailors relied on star positions, the sun’s movement, and landmarks along coastlines to determine their direction and location. They also observed ocean currents, wind patterns, and bird behaviors to stay on course. Some cultures used simple instruments like the astrolabe or quadrant to measure celestial angles. These techniques required skill and experience, enabling explorers to travel long distances before modern navigation tools were developed. Overall, ancient mariners combined environmental observations with ingenuity to navigate the vast seas safely.