Ancient Greek Hoplites

Ancient Greek hoplites were citizen-soldiers who fought in heavily armed infantry formations called phalanxes around the 7th to 4th centuries BCE. Equipped with a large round shield (aspis), spear, and armor, they fought shoulder-to-shoulder in disciplined ranks, emphasizing teamwork and discipline. Typically land-owning citizens, hoplites contributed to their city-states’ military and political life. Their combat style prioritized collective cohesion, making battles more about collective strength than individual prowess. The popularity and effectiveness of the hoplite model greatly influenced Greek warfare strategies and helped foster notions of civic duty and equality among free male citizens.