ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody)

ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) are specialized proteins produced by the immune system that mistakenly target and attack certain cells called neutrophils, a type of white blood cell involved in fighting infections. This autoimmune response can lead to inflammation and damage in blood vessels and organs, often associated with conditions like vasculitis. Detecting ANCA helps doctors diagnose and manage these inflammatory diseases. It’s important to note that the presence of ANCA indicates an immune system imbalance but doesn’t always mean disease is active.