AMS (Alon-Matias-Szegedy) Algorithm

The Alon-Matias-Szegedy (AMS) Algorithm is a technique for estimating the total number of distinct items or the magnitude of data streams efficiently, without tracking every element. It works by randomly sampling parts of the data and applying mathematical formulas to these samples, enabling accurate approximations with limited space and time. This is particularly useful for analyzing large-scale data in real-time, such as network traffic or database queries, where exact counts are too resource-intensive. Overall, the AMS Algorithm provides a practical way to monitor data stream characteristics quickly and reliably.