AM-GM inequality

The AM-GM inequality states that for any set of positive numbers, the average (arithmetic mean) is always greater than or equal to the geometric mean. In other words, if you take a group of positive numbers, adding them all up and dividing by how many there are will never be less than the product of those numbers raised to a power based on how many there are (the geometric mean). Equality holds when all the numbers are the same. This inequality highlights that evenly balanced values maximize the average relative to their product.