Alpha (Alpha decay)

Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay where an unstable atom releases an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons (the same as a helium nucleus). This process reduces the atom's size and changes it into a new element with a lower atomic number. Alpha decay occurs when an atom's nucleus is too large or unstable, and releasing the alpha particle helps it become more stable. Although alpha particles can be stopped by a sheet of paper or skin, they are hazardous if ingested or inhaled because they can damage living cells internally.