Allen and Meyer Model

The Allen and Meyer Model explains how employees develop commitment to their organization through three types of loyalty: affective (emotional attachment), continuance (cost-based decision to stay), and normative (sense of obligation). Affective commitment occurs when employees feel connected and loyal because they identify with the company. Continuance commitment arises when remaining is financially or practically beneficial. Normative commitment happens when employees feel they ought to stay, often due to personal values or moral reasons. Understanding these helps organizations foster stronger engagement and retention by addressing each type of commitment effectively.