Allegory of the Metals

The Allegory of the Metals, from Plato’s "The Republic," uses a metaphor to explain how a just society functions. It compares society to a body made of three types of metals: gold, silver, and bronze (or iron). The rulers and guardians, who possess wisdom, are likened to gold, while the auxiliaries or soldiers, representing courage and strength, are like silver. The workers or producers, who provide for basic needs, are like iron or bronze. This allegory emphasizes the importance of each class’s role for harmony and justice, highlighting that societal order depends on everyone fulfilling their natural role.