algal bloom

An algal bloom occurs when algae in water bodies grow rapidly and become very abundant, often turning the water a vivid green, red, or brown. This proliferation is usually triggered by excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture, wastewater, or runoff, combined with warm temperatures and sunlight. While algae are natural, excessive blooms can harm aquatic ecosystems, deplete oxygen levels, and produce toxins that threaten fish, animals, and even humans. Managing nutrient levels and monitoring water quality are key to preventing harmful algal blooms and protecting water health.