air traffic procedures

Air traffic procedures involve coordinated steps to ensure safe and efficient movement of aircraft. Air traffic controllers monitor and direct planes from takeoff to landing, providing clear instructions for altitude, speed, and routes. Before takeoff, pilots file flight plans and receive clearance. During flight, controllers manage spacing and avoid collisions. Approaching airports, pilots follow expectant instructions, and landings are carefully coordinated. After landing, aircraft taxi to gates under ground control. These procedures involve communication, navigation systems, and strict protocols to maintain safety, prevent delays, and optimize airspace use for all flights.