Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

Agarose gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate DNA molecules based on size. A gel made from agarose, a substance derived from algae, acts like a filter. When an electric current is applied, negatively charged DNA fragments move through the gel towards the positive end. Smaller fragments travel faster and farther, while larger ones move slower. This creates a pattern of bands that can be visualized using special dyes. The method helps scientists analyze, compare, or identify DNA samples efficiently and accurately.