Affine Transformations

Affine transformations are mathematical operations that modify images or objects by preserving points, straight lines, and planes. They can translate (move), rotate, scale (resize), or shear (skew) the object while maintaining its basic shape and proportions. Think of it like manipulating a drawing or a photo with a combination of these simple actions; the overall structure stays consistent, but its position and size change. These transformations are widely used in computer graphics, image processing, and geometric modeling to manipulate visual data efficiently and predictably.