affine coordinates

Affine coordinates are a way to represent points in space compared to a reference point, called an origin, along with directions called axes. Think of them like a map grid: each point's position is given by numbers that tell you how far it is from the origin along each axis. Unlike other coordinate systems, affine coordinates preserve straight lines and ratios of distances, making them useful in geometry and computer graphics for understanding positions and transformations without worrying about angles or scales. They provide a simple, linear way to describe points relative to a chosen reference.