aetiology of wheezing

Wheezing occurs when the airways in the lungs become narrowed or inflamed, making it harder to breathe out. This narrowing can be caused by conditions like asthma, where the airway muscles tighten and swell; infections such as bronchitis; allergies that trigger inflammation; or chronic diseases like COPD. Sometimes, physical obstructions or irritants can also block airflow. The narrowing causes a high-pitched whistling sound when breathing, especially during exhalation. Understanding the cause helps in managing the underlying condition and relieving symptoms effectively.