Aelia Capitolina (Ancient Roman Name)

Aelia Capitolina was the name given by the Romans to Jerusalem after they rebuilt the city in the 2nd century CE, following a Jewish revolt. The Romans aimed to erase its Jewish identity and promote Roman culture and religion, dedicating the city to Jupiter, the chief Roman god. The name "Aelia" derives from Emperor Hadrian's family name, while "Capitolina" references the Capitol Hill in Rome, emphasizing the city's association with Roman religious and political authority. This renaming marked a significant shift in the city's history, symbolizing Roman dominance and the suppression of its Jewish heritage during that period.