adsorption isotherm models

Adsorption isotherm models describe how molecules from a fluid (like gas or liquid) stick to a solid surface as the amount of adsorbed substance varies with pressure or concentration at a constant temperature. These models help us understand the capacity and behavior of materials used in filters, catalysts, or water treatment. Different models, such as Langmuir or Freundlich isotherms, assume various ways molecules arrange and interact on surfaces. They allow scientists to predict how much material can be adsorbed, optimizing processes in industry and environmental management.