Actuator materials

Actuator materials are substances used to create motion or force when stimulated by external energy such as electricity, heat, or pressure. These materials can change shape, size, or properties in response to specific inputs, effectively acting as the "muscles" of machines and devices. Common types include piezoelectric materials, which generate movement when electrified, and shape memory alloys that return to a set shape when heated. The choice of actuator material depends on the application, considering factors like speed, force, precision, and environmental conditions. They are essential in robotics, aerospace, medical devices, and automation systems.