ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties

ACID is a set of principles that ensure reliable processing of database transactions. - **Atomicity** means that a transaction is all-or-nothing; either all parts succeed, or none do. - **Consistency** ensures that transactions leave the database in a valid state, maintaining all rules and constraints. - **Isolation** guarantees that transactions do not interfere with each other, ensuring that simultaneous operations produce the same result as if they were executed one after the other. - **Durability** means that once a transaction is committed, it remains so, even in case of a system failure.