Abdul Rahman al-Kawakibi

Abdul Rahman al-Kawakibi was a prominent Arab scholar and thinker from the late 19th to early 20th century. He criticized the decline of Arab and Islamic civilizations, blaming internal corruption, injustice, and weak leadership. He called for reform, emphasizing the need for moral renewal, justice, and unity among Arab peoples. His ideas inspired many in the Arab world to pursue modernization and national awakening, making him a key figure in Arab intellectual history. His writings continue to influence discussions on social reform and cultural identity in the Arab world today.