A Theory of Justice (book by John Rawls)

A Theory of Justice by John Rawls is a philosophical work that explores how to create a fair society. Rawls proposes principles of justice that ensure equal basic rights for all and that social and economic inequalities benefit everyone, especially the least advantaged. He introduces the idea of the "original position," a thought experiment where individuals decide fair rules without knowing their own social status, promoting impartiality. The book emphasizes fairness, equality, and justice as central to structuring societies, advocating for arrangements that maximize liberty and ensure fair opportunities for all.