Aβ (Amyloid-beta peptide)

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a protein fragment produced when cells in the brain break down other proteins. In healthy brains, Aβ is usually cleared away efficiently. However, in Alzheimer's disease, Aβ accumulates and forms sticky clumps called plaques, especially between nerve cells. These plaques can disrupt communication between brain cells and trigger inflammation, contributing to memory loss and cognitive decline. While Aβ plays a normal role in the brain, its abnormal buildup is a key feature in Alzheimer's, making it an important focus for understanding and potentially treating the disease.