5 permanent members

The five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council are key countries with special privileges that allow them to maintain international peace. These countries—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—have the power to veto any substantive decision, meaning they can block resolutions even if others agree. Their status reflects their historical influence and role in global stability since World War II. This arrangement aims to ensure that major powers cooperate in tackling global conflicts and crises, maintaining a balance of power in international diplomacy.